Within living cells mitochondria are among the prime suppliers of cellular energy. These organelles display a high structural plasticity since they are motile and display fission/fusion events. As a consequence, mitochondria display structural plasticity that is closely linked to function (‘morphofunction’). In this research we developed technology allowing quantitative morphofunctional analysis at the level of individual mitochondria in single living cells. This allows classification of patient-specific phenotypes, testing of intervention strategies and mitochondrial toxicity analysis in academic and corporate settings. Nat Protocol 2016